Lock mechanism



Nov. s, 1934.. Al MAIN 1,979,805

LOCK MECHANI SM.

Filed July 6, 1931 INVENTOR ATTO R EYS Patented Nov. 6, 1934 -f NETE@ STATLS PA'EN' Look rviecimmsm Andrew Main, Cleveland, (Ehio, assigner, by mesne assignments, to Cleveland Fare Box and Four- Way Lock Co., Cleveland, (Ehio, a corporation lof Ohio Application duly 6, i931, Serial No. 548,733

7 Claims. (Cl. 'Y0- 78) My invention relates to a lock mechanism and, ing description and one embodiment thereof particularly, to a lock mechanism adapted for may be seen in the accompanying drawing use in prisons, as, for instance, on individual wherein similar characters of reference desigconnement cells and corridor doors, although nate corresponding parts, and wherein:

it is not limited thereto. t is the object of Fig. lis atop plan view of a lock constructed 60l my invention to provide a lock mechanism of in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a the above type in which the parts of the lock plan View showing the locking bolt and lock mechanism are so arranged and the lock so actuating cam with the locking bolt in full re- Constructed that turning oi the usual key to tracted or unlocked position; Fig. 3 is a fragoperate the lock bolt actuating mechanism will mentary View similar to Fig. 2 but showing the result in instantaneous initiation oi movement locking bolt in a partly projected or locked posiof the locking bolt toward full locked or full untion; Fig. 4 is a View similar to Fig. 3 showing locked position, with the bolt being initially the locking bolt in full projected or locked posimoved toward full locked position with maxtion; Fig. 5 is a View, partly in section and partmum power and speed. ly in elevation, of the lock mechanism shown in 70 A lock wherein movement of the usual key to Fig. l; Fig. 6 is a view taken on the line 6-6 cause actuation of the lock bolt operating' parts of Fig. 5; and Fig. '7 is a view showing the key will cause instantaneous movementoi the lockemployed for actuating the lock mechanism and ing bolt is highly desirable, particularly in prison lock bolt.

use, where a guards or keepers safety depends As shown in the drawing, one suitable embodi- 75 y at times on the ability to quickly lock the priso-nment oi my invention takes the form of a lock ers in their conning cells. Such instantaneous that consists of a base vplate or casting 1 probolt movement and thus quick locking is, in this Viding a means i'or securing the lock mechinstance, accomplished by use oi a lock necessianism to a suitable support. For instance, the

tating only a 90 throw of the key and roll back base plate or casting may be welded permanent- 8o to move the bolt from one eXtreme position to ly along its edges to a metal plate of a wall or the other. However, most previous locks emto a door. Such plate carries the operating ployed in prisons have been of the type necessiparts of the lock mechanism, which mechtating a 360 movement of the key with only anism is covered by a casing 2 attached to the 3o 180 of that movement being eiective on the plate 1 and the operating parts include a slid- 85 lock bolt, the remainder of the movement of ing lock bolt 3 having its locking portion guided the key being OI" the IJUYDOSS Of taking up 10st in an opening in the wall of the casing 2, the motion in the bolt operating parts.y This has bolt also having an elongated guiding slot or been llIlStSfaCtOry du@ t0 the length of time opening 4 through which extend movable lock leCGSSaTY fOl actuating the 100k bOlt Sufiently actuating parts comprising a lever arm connec- 90 to conne a prisoner in a cell. tor or roll back 5 having a portion thereof of Likewise, it is desirable to have a lock actuatsleeve form and journalled 0n an annular DOSS lg mechanism Which Will pefmt the lOCkiIli; 6 rigidly mounted on the plate 1. The roll back bolt to be moved toward full locked position with or lever arm connector 5 also is provided With the maXmllm DOWGI and Speed, as well as havan uppery cylindrical recess 6 into which eX- 95 ing the lock actuating mechanism such that the tends the inner end of a cylinder l having a rolocking bolt will be instantaneously moved totary plug g thereon provided with a, non circu- Ward full kicked DOStOrl OD mOVeHlEIlt 0f the lar driving projection 9 entering a correspondkey- The maXmllm DOWSF fOl and speed of oping socket 10 in the roll back or lever arm coneration of the locking bolt are desirable in that nector' Afor operating the same. 100r eCaCtImt DTSOllelS ae apt t0 attempt t0 In accordance with my invention, the roll back 10100K mOi/ement 0f ttle lOCkDg bOlt iHtO the or ylever arm connector 5 is provided with comlOCkiIlg bolt Cage by any lStlUmBIlt they happound cam surfaces or curvatures and lobes be- DGD t0 have at hnd- Speed Of mOVBmeIlt at ginning at substantially diametrically opposite 5o the initiation thereof iS desirable 110i only for points on the edges of the hub portion thereof ics` the reason just vstated but to prevent a prisoner and terminating in a lobe spaced from the Cen- Om Ol'CIlg the dOOT ODeIl bfl@ th 10Cking ter of rotation of the roll back, all such curvabolt engages the locking Cag tures and lobes being formed by arcs on cen- ValOllS Other ObJ'SCtS and advantageOllS featers different from each other and from the tures of my invention will be seen in the followcenter of rotation of the roll back. These cur- 110 vatures and lobes of the roll back cooperate with curvatures and lobes on opposite side edges of the roll back opening, as shown, in such manner as to instantaneously move the bolt when the roll back is moved and to lock the bolt against movement by force exerted on the bolt and in the direction of bolt movement when the bolt is in locking position. It will be noted that surfaces on opposite sides of the roll back are in engagement with surfaces on opposite side edges of the bolt opening when the bolt is in full locked or full unlocked position whereby such instantaneous movement may be had.

Referring to Figs. 2, 3 and 4, the roll back or lever arm connector 5 has a lobe 11 on one side of the hub thereof which continues in. a curvature 12 which, in turn, terminates at a lobe 16 spaced a considerable distance from the hub of the roll back. The opposite side of the roll back 5 includes a curvature 15 beginning at the side of the hub of the roll back, and at a point substantially diametrically opposite the beginning of the lobe 11, and extending away from the hub to end at the lobe 16 hereinbefore mentioned. Such lobes and curvatures of the roll back are-arranged whereby the general outline of the roll back is triangular with the center of rotation of the roll back in the base line of the triangle and the lobe 16 at the apex thereof.

As shown in the same Figures 2, 3 and 4, the curvatures and lobes providedon opposite end edges of the roll back opening 4 include, on the right hand side as viewed in the above iigures, a curvature 13 beginning at the bottom of the opening 4, and below the hub of the roll back 5, and extending above the hub of the roll back to end in a lobe 13. A curvature 14 extends onward from the lobe 13 and away from the level of the hub of the roll back. On the left hand side as viewed in the above gures, the curvatures and lobes include a curvature 17 beginning at the bottom of the opening 4 in the same horizontal plane as the beginning of the curvature 13 of ythe opposite side and extending upwardly above the hub of the roll back to end in a lobe 17, a curvature 18 extending onwardly from the lobe 17 and away from the level of the hub of the roll back. The curvatures 13 and 17 are hereinafter referred to as being substantially aligned with the center of rotation of the roll back and the curvatures 14 and 18 are referred to as being offset from said center.

The curvatures 13 and 17 have substantially the same radius as that of the hub portion of the roll back whereby in either full locked or full unlocked position of the bolt, the opposite sides of the roll back nest in either one or the other of such curvatures. It will be noted that the curvatures 14 and 18 are so arranged and the lobe 16 is so shaped and spaced from the center of rotation of the roll back that in full unlocked position, see Fig. 2, the lobe 16 nests in the curvature 14 while the opposite edge of the roll back is nesting in the curvature 17', and that when in full locked position, see Fig. 4, the lobe 16 is engaged in the curvature 18 while the opposite edge of the roll back is nested in the curvature 13. These curvatures and lobes are Valso so arranged that when the bolt is in full locked position the lobe 16 and the bearing surface between the lobe 11 and the curvatures 13 are so nearly parallel with each and with the line of movement of the bolt toward unlocked position that the bolt is held in locked position against movement toward unlocked position through force exerted on the bolt in the direction of its line of movement.

With the above arrangement of curvatures and lobes on the roll back and bolt opening, initial movement of the locking bolt 3 will be accomplished with maximum power and speed since the curvature 15 begins at the hub of the roll back or lever arm connector 5. Continued movement of the roll back or lever arm connector 5 in a contra-clockwise direction will result in the curvature l5 leaving the curvature 17' and lobe 17, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, and the lobe 16 contacting with the curvature 18 to move the locking bolt into full locked position, although with substantially less power than results from the co-action of the curvature 15 and curvature 17 and lobe 17. However, at this time, the locking bolt will have entered its locking cage, which will effectively prevent the prisoner from blocking movement of the locking bolt by the insertion of some instrument between the outermost end of the locking bolt and the mouth of the locking cage so maximum power is no longer necessary. The lobe 16 and curvature 18 also provide auxiliary cam means that would be effective to move the locking bolt to full locked position even though the curvature 15 and lobe 17 were entirely worn away.

I have shown a locking mechanism of the rotary plug and cylinder type as disclosed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 536,401, filed May 11, 1931, to which reference may be had for details of the lock mechanism not herein described. However, it will be understood that other types of locking mechanism are equally applicable. As in this preceding application, the.

casing or cover 2 includes an annular boss 19 presenting a sleeve portion in the socket or recess of which the cylinder or barrel 7 is mounted, the cylinder or barrel having an annular flange 21 that rests on a shoulder22 in the sleeve. Such cylinder or barrel lits loosely within the sleeve, and the annular flange is provided with openings adapted to t over pins 23 extending outwardly from the shoulder 22 whereby the cylinder or barrel is held against rotation but may be easily inserted into or removed from the sleeve. The plug 8 fits loosely within the cylinder or barrel 7 and is rotatable relative thereto, being held within the cylinder or barrel by means of an. annular plate 24 that is held on the annular flange of the cylinder or barrel by means of screws 26. The plate 24 ts over the plug 8 and abuts against an annular shoulder thereon.

Suitable means are provided for confining the cylinder and plug within the sleeve. As shown, the cylinder and plug are conned in the sleeve by a washer 27 threaded into the outer end of the sleeve and doweled into the cylinder or barrel by means of pins 28 that extend through openings in the washer 27 and into corresponding openings in the cylinder or barrel. After the parts have been properly assembled, thel outermost ends of the pins 28 may be ground olf flush with the outer face of the washer which effectively prevents removal of the washer and other parts of the locking mechanism except by an authorized person with proper equipment.

The plug 8 is provided with a cruciform keyway or slot 29 for a key 30 having ward portions of like cross section which actuate tumbler levers 31 that cooperate with longitudinal grooves 32 of the cylinder or barrel 7 and norses Cil

mally prevent rotation of theuplug relative to the cylinder or barrel. At its top, the plug S is provided with a non-circular socket or recess 33 to receive a like-shaped portion 34 of thekey 30 'when the latter is fully inserted in the keyway in the plug 8. This construction permits the operating power of the key to be taken from the portion 34 thereof instead of from the wards, which protects the wards against injury as well as preventing the key frornfbeing inserted into the lock in any but one position.

In the operation of this lock mechanism, the key 39 is rst inserted into the locking mechanism of the cylinder and plug type which moves the tumbler levers 31 out of the .slots 32 and permits the plug 8 to be rotatedwithin the cylinder or barrel l on turning the'key. With the construction of the lock actuating parts hereinbefore described, and since the plug is provided with a. non-circular driving p-rojection 9 that nts within a corresponding socket 10 in the roll back or lever arm connector 5, turning of the key and plug will result in instantaneous movement of the locking bolt toward either its locked or unlocked position, the cam surfaces on the roll back or lever arm connector and the cam surfaces in the elongated slot or opening 4 being so arranged that the first operating cam surfaces on opposite sides of the roll back or lever arm connector and elongated guiding slot or opening are brought into a position to immediately co-act with each other when the locking bolt is positioned in its full locked or unlocked position respectively. This is clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 4.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 6 of the drawing, it will be seen that the parts, including thecylinder 7 and plug 8, are so arranged that the noncircular opening 33 for receiving the part 34. of the key is normally disposed at an angle to the transverse axis of the lock mechanism, when the locking bolt is in full unlocked or locked position. This is an advantageous feature in that it provides a means for indicating whether or not the locking bolt is in full locked or full unlocked position without requiring insertion of the key which has heretofore been necessary. In other words, a mere glance is suiicient to tell the position of the locking bolt.

Referring to the drawing and the preceding description, it will be seen that I have provided a lock mechanism that is particularly adapted for use on confinement cells or corridor doors of prisons wherein the operating key moves only tmough an arc of 90 and wherein initiation of movement of the key causes instant initiation of movement of the locking bolt toward either full unlocked or locked position, depending upon the direction of movementof the key. rThe advantageous features resulting from this type of lock are readily apparent from the preceding description.

What I claim is:

l. Lock mechanism comprising, a lock bolt, a roll back rotatable about a center, said lock bolt having an opening in which the roll back operates, said opening having two cam surfaces on each of its end edges, one cam surface on each end edge being substantially aligned with the roll back center and the other cam surface on each end being offset from said center, and said roll back having cam surfaces arranged to coact alternatively with the cam surfaces on either edge of the bolt opening for producing `bolt movement, the roll back cam surfaces being constructed and arranged to coact successively with the aligned and offset cam surfaces.

2. Lock mechanism comprising, a lock bolt, a roll back rotatable about a center, said lock bolt having an opening in which the roll back operates, said opening having two cam surfaces on each of its end edges, one cam surface on each end edge being substantially aligned with the roll back center and the other cam surface on each end being offset from said center, and said roll back having cam surfaces arranged to coact alternatively with the cam surfaces on either edge of the bolt opening for producing bolt movement, the roll back coacting successively with the aligned and offset cam surfaces, and two of the cam surfaces on said roll back being onset relative to each other from the center of Vmovement of said roll back and arranged to be disposed substantially in a line parallel to the line of bolt movement and in coacting relation with the offset surface of one edge and the aligned surface of the other edge when the bolt is in full locked position.

3. Lock mechanism comprising, a lock bolt, a roll back rotatable about a center, said lock bolt having an opening in which the roll back operates, said opening having two cam surfaces on each of its end edges, one cam surface on each end edge being substantially aligned with the roll back center and the other cam surface on each end being offset from said center, and said roll back having cam surfaces arranged to coact with different pairs of said cam surfaces on opposite edges of the bolt opening in full locked and unlocked positions respectively, each pair of surfaces comprising an aligned surface on one edge and an offset surface on the other edge.

4. Lock mechanism comprising, a lock bolt, a roll back rotatable about a center, said lock bolt having an opening in which said roll back operates, the roll back being movable through 90 to produce full locked or full unlocked positions of said bolt, said opening having two cam sur-` faces on each of its end edges, one cam surface on each end edge being substantially aligned with the roll back center and the other cam surface on each end edge being offset from said center, and said roll back having cani surfaces arranged to coact alternatively with the cam surfaces of either edge of the bolt opening for producing bolt movement, the roll back coacting successively with the aligned and oset cam surfaces, and said roll back surfaces being arranged to coact with diiferent pairs of said cam surfaces on opposite edges of the bolt opening in full locked and unlocked positions respectively, each pair of surfaces comprising an aligned surface on one edge and an offset surface on the other edge.

5. Lock mechanism comprising, a lock bolt, a

roll back rotatable about a center, said lock bolt having an opening in which the roll back operates, said opening having cam surfaces on each of its end edges substantially aligned with the roll back center, a first aligned surface toward the locking end of the bolt and a second aligned surface opposite the rst, said opening also having a cam surface on the locking end edge offset from said center, said onset cam surface being concave toward the roll back, said ming surface arranged to contact the first aligned surface during initial movement of the bolt 'to- Ward locking position and having another portion of its camming surface adapted to rest against the offset cam surface when the bolt is in full locked position, and the side of said roll back away from the locking end of the bolt having a surface adapted to contact said second aligned surface when the bolt is in full locked position.

6. Lock mechanism comprising, a lock bolt, a roll back rotatable about a center, said lock bolt having an opening in which the roll back operates, said opening have two cam surfaces on its edge toward the locking end of the bolt and a cam surface on its opposite edge, the first-named surfaces comprising one aligned with the roll back center and one offset from said center,.and said roll back having surfaces so arranged about its center that the roll back contacts the offset cam surface and the cam surface on the opposite edge when the parts are in full locked position.

'i'. Lock mechanism comprising, a lock bolt, a roll back rotatable about a center, said lock bolt having an opening in which the roll back operates, said opening having two cam surfaces on its edge toward the locking end of the bolt and a cam surface on its opposite edge, the firstnamed surfaces comprising one aligned with the roll back center and one offset from said center, and said roll back having surfaces so arranged about its center that the roll back contacts the aligned cam surface and the cam surface on the opposite edge when the parts are in full unlocked position.

ANDREW MAIN. 

